Cara Menjadi Master Catur Chapter Three

Little  Tactics 

You  know  what  tactics  are .  They  are  the  decisive moves you  use  to  decide the majority  of  your games .  Most of  the  other moves on your scoresheet may seem  like  filler,  passes that  you made until  you can pin a  queen,  skewer a rook or fork two pieces. But  a master uses tactics in a different way. Sure, many  of  his games  end the same  ways that yours do, when his opponent cannot meet tactical  threats.  But to get  to  that  point  a  master  builds  up  a  position,  usually  slowly,  until  it  is overwhelming.  To  do that  he uses  two types  of  move that most  amateurs rarely employ.  One type  is  forcing  and  positional .  That  is,  the  move  gets  its  energy from  tactics. Typically  it's  a  simple threat  to win  something.  But its primary  purpose  is  to obtain  better chances  in  a  positional  way,  such  as  by  improving  the  placement of  a bi shop or knight or  weakening enemy pawns or forcing  the  trade  of  a strong
enemy piece. These  are  'little tactic s'.  They make seemingly  minor, almost  trivial changes in  the  position,  in contrast to  'big tactics ', the  ones that win games.  Here  is  an example  of  little tactics in  action .

Separate  Boxes 
Most players regard moves as being either tactical or  positional.  They like to divide  and  distinguish  them,  putting  them  in  separate  boxes.  That  makes studying  easier.  They  can  look a White-to-play-and-win  positions  to  sharpen their  tactical  skill.  They  can  look  at  a  master  game  with  positional  themes  to understand what strategy is all  about.

Baby  Steps 
Little  tactics  can  be  difficult  to  appreciate  because  the  changes  they bring about  are  so  slight,  such  as  repositioning  a  lazy  piece  or  opening  a  diagonal . Unless you  can  be  sure that  the  repositioned piece  is  on  a better  square  or  the diagonal will matter, the  change  may have  no benefit, or even  backfire.

The Tactical  Habit 
The biggest obstacle  to  learning  how to use  little  tactics  is  the  mindset that tells  you that tactics are  used  to  attack.  One way to  rid  yourself  of  this notion is to  examine master games that have nothing to do with attack. You  might  choose  games  with  quiet  openings,  such  as  the  more positional lines  of the  Queen 's  Indian,  French,  and  Nimzo-Indian  Defenses.  After  each move, try to  find a  tactical  point.  Don 't rely on  annotations  to  point  them  out. Annotators,  particularly  elite  GMs,  regularly  omit  mention  of  key  tactical points .  They seem to think they 're too obvious and  unworthy of  their comment. Don 't  expect  every  move  that 's  played  to  have  a  tactical  subtext.  But appreciate  the  way  a  master blends  tactics  and strategy  together.  Consider the next example.

Happy Accident 
Let 's be  honest.  No one intentional ly  alternates tactical moves with strategic moves.  No  master  says  to  says  to  himself ,  "I'm  going  to  play  something positional this tum and then  next move it'll be time to  find a pin or skewer  that I  can use ." It  just turns out that way, a happy accident. Here 's  an  example  of  mixing  li ttle  tactics  and  positional  moves  from Yuri
Averbakh, best known for his splendid endgame play  and  books . Tactical Technique Most players have  an  uneasy  feeling  about composed  studies.  They  don 't like those 'White to  play and-win'  positions they  see  in  magazines because they seem artificial. Yes,  most studies  are  very  artificial.  But what amateurs  might  like  about them  is  that  the  solutions  are  usually 100  percent  tactical.  You  don 't  have  to know esoteric, technical positions.  Just  work out the tactics. In  fact, one of  the best  ways to  improve  your winning technique  is to  work on  endgame  tactics.  Technique  is  mainly  a  mixture  of  little  tactics  combined with progress-making  moves, such as creating a passed  pawn .

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